With much fanfare, the Ontario government has brought back “Buck-a-Beer” by lowering the government-mandated price floor on a bottle or can of beer (with alcohol volume below 5.6 per cent) from $1.25 to $1.
Ontarians who don’t drink or who consume only more expensive alcoholic beverages won’t be much affected by this policy. But for the segment of the market who likes inexpensive beer, the price floor reduction is a positive change.
In general, price floors make buyers and sellers worse off. A beer price floor of $1.25 makes it illegal for buyers and sellers of beer to engage in voluntary, mutually beneficial economic transactions – namely, the purchase and sale of beer for less than $1.25 – simply because an irrelevant third party (the politicians) has deemed the terms of the transactions unacceptable.
The primary argument in favour of the beer price floor is ‘social responsibility.’ According to this argument, the government has a responsibility to discourage people from drinking too much. But the proper way to do this would be through taxes instead of price controls, since a tax can be applied evenly whereas a price floor discriminates against a specific market segment: consumers of inexpensive alcohol.
However, that doesn’t mean higher beer taxes are a good idea. Given how heavily alcoholic beverages are already taxed in Ontario, cutting beer taxes would probably be more appropriate. Christine Van Geyn of the Canadian Taxpayers Federation points out in a recent column that “if brewers sold beer for $1 per bottle, 58.7 cents of that dollar would be tax. It would include a 10.6-cent excise tax, 36.6 cents in provincial markup and 11.5 cents in sales tax.”
If the government believes it has a ‘social responsibility’ to discourage alcohol consumption, why does it massively subsidize beer and wine with millions of dollars in corporate welfare every year?
In April, for example, the Ontario government announced that it had distributed $5.2 million in subsidies to 16 breweries through a Northern Ontario corporate welfare fund.
This figure pales in comparison to a 2013 announcement that the government would spend $75 million of taxpayers’ money to expand the production and consumption of Ontario wine. In fact, there are so many government programs handing out so much corporate welfare that many beer and wine companies have eaten from the subsidy trough multiple times.
For example, Beau’s All Natural Brewing Co. was handed $194,791 from Ontario taxpayers in 2014-15 and another $191,699 the next fiscal year. And then in 2017, according to the Ontario Beverage Network website, Beau’s got back into the corporate welfare game, milking taxpayers of another $98,105.
And Diamond Estate Wines & Spirits received a $608,100 subsidy in 2018 from the Ontario government – plus another $75,000 from Growing Forward 2, a multibillion-dollar federal and provincial corporate welfare shop. And back in 2014-15, the company got a cheque for more than $126,000 from Ontario taxpayers through the province’s Ministry of Economic Development.
These subsidies are a ridiculous waste of money.
To increase fairness for alcohol consumers and producers, as well as taxpayers, the Ontario government should do three things:
- End corporate welfare to beer and wine businesses. This includes the ill-advised promotional incentives it’s offering to beer companies as part of its “Buck-a-Beer Challenge.” Supply and demand, not political games, should determine how beer is sold.
- Lower its exorbitant alcohol taxes to avoid punishing consumers unfairly.
- And build upon its positive move to lower the beer price floor by abolishing the price floor completely.
Matthew Lau is a research associate with the Frontier Centre for Public Policy.
The views, opinions and positions expressed by columnists and contributors are the author’s alone. They do not inherently or expressly reflect the views, opinions and/or positions of our publication.
